The EU faces challenges in matching China’s rapid advancements in AI development and deployment. While the EU is the world’s largest exporter, it has been losing ground in emerging technologies and production. The main objective of this report is to compare and analyse the EU and China’s AI strategies, focusing on education, intellectual property, regulation, industrial and defence applications, entrepreneurial support, and future prospects. This policy brief analyses the EU and China’s AI strategies across six key dimensions to provide empirical insights into the strengths and weaknesses of the EU’s AI policy and offer recommendations for enhancement.